Research Milestones

Acute toxicity studies by Perry Scientific Inc. on both the oral and topical form of Celadrin® determined the compound to be safe and non-toxic.

Journal of Rheumatology 2002; 29:1708-12; R. Hesslink, Jr, ScD; D. Armstrong III, PhD, Hesslink Ventures; M.V. Nagendran, MD, Medical Center, Manipal; S. Sreevatsan, PhD; R. Barathur, PhD, ClinCyte

A study conducted on 64 patients with knee pain determined that Celadrin, taken orally, provides an improvement in knee range of motion and overall function over placebo.

Penasquitos Pet Clinic. Robert Hesslink, Jr, ScD, Kristee Emens-Hesslink, BA, Imagenetix; and Sharon Sprouse, DVM

A study found that cetylated fatty acids (CFAs) may improve the mobility of arthritic canines.

Federation of American Societies of Experimental Biology Journal; Daniel D. Gallaher, PhD, University of Minnesota.

Study found that the proprietary mixture of cetylated fatty acids (CFAs) found
in Celadrin are well absorbed when administered either orally or topically.

Use of Celadrin for the Treatment of Psoriasis by Life Management Group

A double-blind, placebo-controlled study results after 14-days:

• Measurable improvement was noted in all symptoms above.
• Excellent anti-inflammatory effects were observed.

Journal of Rheumatology, 2004: 31 (4): 767-74. William J. Kraemer, Nicholas A. Ratamess, Jeffrey M. Anderson, Carl M. Maresh, David P. Tiberio, Michael E. Joyce, Barry N. Messinger, Duncan N. French, Matthew J. Sharman, Martyn R. Rubin, Ana L. Gomez, Jeff S. Volek, Robert L. Hesslink, Jr.

A double-blind, placebo-controlled study was conducted in two phases at the University of Connecticut. In Phase I of the study, 40 patients with knee pain received either Celadrin topical cream or placebo. All of the patients who used Celadrin showed significant improvement in quality of life measurements, such as getting up from a seated position and stair climbing.

Journal of Strength & Conditioning, 2005, 19(1), 115-21; William Kraemer, et al.

A follow-up investigation to Phase I showed that 30 days of treatment with Celadrin cream improved status postural stability in patients with knee pain, presumably due to pain relied during quite standing.

Journal of Strength & Conditioning, 2005, 19(2), 475-80; William J. Kraemer, et al.

In Phase II of the study, the Celadrin compound was blended with menthol, a known compound used frequently in topical creams. Patients with knee pain were evaluated to validate previous findings, and patients experiencing elbow and wrist pain were also recruited. As in the Phase I study, patients with knee pain showed significant improvement in various quality of life measurements. The wrist and elbow patients showed improvement in measures associated with prolonged endurance and activity.

Oral Cetylated Fatty Acids for the Improvement of Functional Ability and Pain in Patients with Kneee Osteoarthritis, Jay K. Udani, M.D., et al, Medicus Research LLC, UCLA School of Medicine, Dept. of Medicine.

A double-blind, placebo-controlled study showed that after eight weeks of taking Celadrin capsules, (894 mg daily), average walking ability increased 45 percent, and participants claimed a 35 percent decrease in knee discomfort. These improvements were significantly better than the results seen in the placebo group, and no negative side effects were found throughout the entire study.

The Effects of Celadrin® Topical Cream Treatment to Improve Facial Skin Appearance

The Celadrin cream was favorably perceived by the subjects from their anecdotal statements. Participant comments focused on the lightness and hydrating quality of the cream, and the fact that the cream spread easily and that they only had to use a small amount. In addition, 93% of the subjects reported no adverse affects of the cream. Both the “subject” and “interviewer” noted significant (p < 0.001) improvement after visual inspection. The neck area showed improvement (p < 0.01) with cream application as determined by the “subject” and “interviewer” questionnaire responses although with less statistical power.

The Actions of Vegetable-derived Celadrin® on Monocyte-mediated Cytokine Response

This report presents data on 24-hour time points for monocyte/macrophages treated with P. gingivalis and both Celadrin® compounds (vegetable and tallow). The experiment as stated above has been repeated at least 3 times and data was presented as %-inhibition over the vehicle’s effect of LPS-mediated cell activation. At least 10% inhibition is considered as inhibitory effect to demonstrate the potential impact of these compounds.

The effect of cetylated fatty esters and physical therapy on myofascial pain syndrome of the neck

Topical cream [CFEC cream (5.6%) and 1.5% menthol] or placebo cream [1.5%menthol, in a cream base] was applied twice/day. CF-PT provided the fastest and most effective study treatment modality. The addition of CFEC cream to PT resulted in statistically significant improvements, compared to PL-PT, for reduction of pain, neck disability and life quality indicators. Our results indicate that cetylated derivatives of fatty acids can effectively reduce pain and symptoms associated with neck MPS, when combined with physical therapy.

Effects of Glucosamine and Celadrin on Platelet Function

Glucosamine and celadrin may inhibit platelet aggregation in some individuals via aspirin-like effects as well as inhibition of ADP receptor P2Y1 but not P2Y12.

Oral Cetylated Fatty Acids for the Improvement of Functional Ability and Pain in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis

Subjects with moderate OA of the knee who received Celadrin® achieved significant improvements in their functional self-efficacy coupled with a significant reduction in their knee pain compared with those who received placebo.

The minimal effective dose of cis-9- cetylmyristoleate (CMO) in persons presenting with knee joint pain

CMO is effective in alleviating knee pain in persons with mild degree arthritis of the knee joint, at an effective dose of 62.4%.

In Vitro Effects of Cetylated Fatty Acids Mixture from Celadrin on Chondrogenesis and Inflammation with Impact on Osteoarthritis

The cetylated fatty acids mixture from Celadrin reduces inflammation in vitro by significantly decreasing the expression of IL-6, MCP-1, and TNF in stimulated RAW264.7 mouse macrophage cells. These compounds facilitate the chondrogenic differentiation process of human adipose-derived stem cells by stimulating the expression of chondrogenic markers under chondrogenic induction conditions.

Topical oral 1-tetradecanol complex in the treatment of periodontal diseases in cats Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery 2019, Vol. 21(12) 1141–1148

Chronic inflammation associated with periodontal diseases leads to periodontal tissue destruction. As a result, modulation of the host response has been included in the treatment protocol for periodontal diseases. Fatty acids present anti-inflammatory properties and are being investigated for use in the treatment and prevention of progressive periodontal diseases.

Effect of Cetylated Fatty Acid Supplementation on Axial Discogenic Low Back Pain

After four weeks of supplementation, our analysis determined a statistically significant reduction in ODI scores from 24.6% +/- 16.0 to 16.2% +/- 10.7 (p value=0.0022). 48% of patients were determined to be responders by fulfilling the calculated Minimal Clinically Important Difference (MCID) for ODI at 4 weeks. NPRS current, worst, and best scores all improved significantly (p-value<0.05) from baseline to 4 weeks. 11.1% of patients experienced adverse effects, none of which were life threatening.